Feb. 18 – Medical Imaging Technologies

Learning Goals: Understand different types of medical imaging technologies.

Success Criteria: You can can describe different types of medical imaging technologies and what they are used for.

Handouts:

• Medical Imaging Technology Notes
• Medical Imaging Technology Worksheet

Here are different technologies we discussed today:

X-rays

CT Scans

Ultrasound

MRI

PET Scan

Endoscope

Next week we will do research projects on these devices, before that, Unit Test!

Here are the test review topics.

Handout: Unit Test Review Topics

Here's  a video showing what an MRI magnet can do.

Feb 27 – Frog Dissections!

Today we did the frog dissections!

I hope you all had fun and realized the big difference between doing the dissections on an iPad and in person with a real frog.

Anyone who missed the iPad and the live dissection should do the virtual dissection at this link:

     http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/genbio/virtual_labs/BL_16/BL_16.html

The dissection is not marked, but questions about it could show up on your unit test.

I also gave you copies of the exercise lab photocopied from the book so that you can finish them up for homework.

Handout: Exercise Lab Instructions

Reminder: The Exercise Lab is due Friday!

Feb. 26 – Frog Dissection App

Today we did a practice dissection on iPads!

Here's the App we used: Frog Dissection App

Remember the steps you went through because tomorrow we do the real thing!  The app worksheet and dissection will not be marked, but questions from it might show up on the unit test.  So make sure you know the answers to these questions.

Handout: iPad Frog Dissection

Feb. 25 – Work Period

Today was a work period for you to complete your Cell Cycle Assignment.  At this point, you should all have handed the assignment in.

Next, you should be working on your Heart Rate and Breathing Rate Lab Activity.  If you are not done, it must be completed for homework.

Good luck!

Feb. 24 – Exercise Lab

Learning Goals: Conduct an experiment to see how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together.

Success Criterial: You successfully gather data on breathing rate and heart rate for different situations.

Guess what this is...

This is the first lung ever grown in a lab!  It was taken from cells of deceased children and re-grew a lung from it.

Today we did our first lab activity.  Here is the lab handout:

Handout: Exercise Lab 

We spent the period recording data to help us find out how long it takes our pulse rate and breathing rate to return to normal after different types of exercise.  The completed write-up is due on Friday.

Reminder: The cell cycle project is due tomorrow!

Feb. 12 – Digestive System

Announcement

Unit Test 1 will be on Tuesday, Mar. 4.

Cell cycle project is due on Tuesday, Feb. 25.

Digestive System

Today we discussed the digestive system.

Learning Goals: Understand how the digestive system works.

Success Criteria: You can describe how the digestive system works.

Handouts

• Digestive System Notes
• Digestive System Worksheet

What is the main point of the digestive system?  This:

and this:

Here's the important parts of the digestive system:

Here's a video of what hydrochloric acid (stomach acid) does to a cheeseburger.

After the food is broken down it is absorbed into your blood stream by your intestines:

Finally, the nutrients are used in an important process called cellular respiration.  

This is how we get all our energy from our food.

Feb. 20 – Circulatory System

Learning Goals: Understand the purpose and components of the circulatory system.

Success Criteria: You can explain the important parts of the circulatory system and its function.

Have a look at this video:

The heart is at the centre of our circulatory system.

Handouts:

• Circulatory System
• Systems Worksheet

The circulatory system moves oxygen and nutrients around our body much like this restaurant where sushi moves around the conveyer belt.

Here's what a real heartbeat sounds like.

Here's an animation that takes you through how the heart works.

Here's what all the blood vessels look like on their own:

We also discussed what we can do when we have problems with the circulatory system.  For example, pacemakers can help regulate a heartbeat.

When people have heart attacks, we can reduce the damage by performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) before the paramedics arrive.

Homework: Remember to work on your cell cycle projects!

Feb. 19 – Respiratory System

Learning Goals: Understand how cells, tissues and organs form systems.

Success Criteria: You can describe how some cells form tissues and tissues form systems.

Today we finished up a worksheet about how cells, tissues, and organs are organized into systems.

Handout: Cells Working Together Worksheet

Then we discussed the respiratory system.

Handout: Respiratory System

Why do we need to breath?  It's all about getting oxygen in and carbon dioxide out.  We watched these videos of some extreme breath holding:

Most people who have not trained for this kind of stunt will experience some brain damage after 3-5 minutes, so don't try this!

The respiratory system begins at your nose hairs,

then onto through your larynx, trachea and into your lungs.  If you have some kind of injury or disease, you might need to get a tracheostomy to help you breath through a tube in your throat.

We highlighted important parts of the notes such as alveoli, capillaries and gas exchange.  Make sure you know what all these parts are and how they work.

Finally we continued working on your mitosis posters.

Feb. 18 – Quiz and Assignment

Today we did the quiz on the cell cycle.

Next I handed out a new assignment.  In this assignment you will be asked to explain the cell cycle to your fellow students.  You can make a poster, a pamphlet, a cartoon or newspaper article.  You must explain it in words and with images.  Answer the questions in the handout to get started.

Handout: Cell Cycle Assignment

This assignment is due next week, Tuesday, Feb. 18.

I gave you the rest of the period to work on it.  We will have time throughout the week to work on it some more.

Feb. 14 – Cancer, Tissues and Systems

Here's a practice quiz for you to prepare for the real quiz on Monday:

Handout: Cell Structure Practice Quiz

Next we looked at cancer and types of tumours.

Handout: Cancer

We discussed how some brain tumours can be treated with something called a "gamma knife".

Then we discussed how cells joined together into tissues and tissues joined together into systems.

Handout: Cells working together (Tissues)

Muscle cells join together into muscle tissues.

Skin cells join together into skin tissue.

 Tissues join together to form organs and organs join together to form systems.

Some different systems in the human body.

"Body Worlds" is an exhibit that allows you to see all the parts of the human body.

A human face cut apart in the Body Worlds exhibit.

Homework

Remember, the quiz is on Tuesday!  Study!!

Feb. 13 – More on Mitosis

Here are some review questions.  How much do you remember?

What part is the nucleus? 

   What part is endoplasmic reticulum? 

   What part is Golgi body?

   What is the last one?

What part of the cell makes proteins?

A)   Mitochondria

B)   Golgi Body

C)   Vacuoles

D)   Ribosomes

What do the Vacuoles do?

A)   Sort materials.

B)   Stores materials.

C)   Make energy from glucose.

Carry out photosynthesis.

What is interphase?

A)   When the cell carries out its normal functions.

B)   When the cell is dividing.

C)   When one cell becomes two cells.

D)   When the cell dies.

Which phase is the longest?

A)   Interphase

B)   Mitosis

C)   Cytokensis

D)   They all take the same time.

Which has the stages of mitosis in the correct order?

A)   Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase

B)   Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase, Metaphase

C)   Telophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase

D)   Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

In which phase do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell?

A)   Prophase

B)   Metaphase

C)   Anaphase

D)   Telophase

Remember, your first quiz is on Tuesday.  If you can do well on these practice questions, you'll do fine on the quiz.

Next we reviewed some of the answers to yesterdays mitosis handout.  Then we looked at some more slides with the microviewers.

Handout: Animal Mitosis Slides

Those slides that you're looking at are cells from this worm:

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We also took some time aside to talk about planarians.  An interesting leech that can regenerate if it gets cut in half.

If you cut its head in half, it will grow into two heads!

Feb. 12 – Cell division and Mitosis

Learning Goals: 

• Understand why cells divide.
• Understand the stages of mitosis.

Success Criteria:

• You can describe the cell cycle.
• You can describe what happens during each stage of mitosis.

Today we looked at more carrots!

I put some carrot tops in water for a few weeks and they sprouted leaves.  Where do these leaves come from?  How does the carrot know what kind of leaves to grow?  The answer is in its DNA.  The DNA of the carrot contains all the information it needs to grow a whole new carrot.  This growth comes in the form of cell division.

Handouts:

• Cell Division
• Cell Division Questions

We discussed cell division and all the stages.  Have a look at the handouts and try to answer the questions in the worksheet.

Watch these videos for animations of what the stages of mitosis looks like.

Feb. 11 – Viewing of Cells

Today I asked these review questions...

What is diffusion?

A)   Movement of particles in water

B)   Movement of particles in air

C)   Movement of water across a membrane.

D)   Mixing balls in a ball pit.

If there is more particles OUTSIDE the cell.  The situation is called…

A)   Hypertonic

B)   Hypotonic

C)   Isotonic

D)   Salty!

You see a cell shrivel up when it is put in water.  What can you say about the particles in the water?

A)   There are more particles in the water than the cell.

B)   There are fewer particles in the water than the cell.

C)   There is the same number of particles in the water as the cell.

D)   It is impossible to know.

Which carrot should be lighter?

A)   Carrot A

B)   Carrot B

C)   Both the same.

D)   Not sure.

Do you know the correct answers?

We also did an update on the osmosis experiment with the carrots.

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Osmosis demonstration

                       Day 1               Day 2           Day3

Carrot A:       7.23 g                  7.33 g

Carrot B:       7.41 g                 6.39 g

(salt)

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Thats a big difference!

Here's a similar experiment using eggs.

Next we looked at slides of actual cells using microviewers and answered some questions about them.

Handout: Cell Structures Microviewer Questions

Homework

If you have not completed the Diffusion worksheet from yesterday, please finish it!

Feb. 10 – Diffusion and Osmosis

First of all, some review...

What do you remember about organelles?

Which organelle converts glucose into energy?

A)   Nucleus

B)   Ribosome

C)   Mitochondria 

D)   Vacuole

Which organelle transports materials?

A)   Endoplasmic reticulum

B)   Golgi body

C)   Cytoplasm

D)   Vacuole

What does a plant cell have that animal cells don’t have?

A)   Vacuole

B)   Nucleus

C)   Mitochondria

D)   Cell wall

What do ribosome do?

A)   Package materials

B)   Photosynthesis to create glucose

C)   Creates proteins

D)   Controls the cell

Then we started on the new topic

Learning Goals: Understand how diffusion and osmosis moves materials within cells.

Success Criteria: You can describe diffusion and osmosis using proper terminology.

Here are the notes I gave in class.

Diffusion

Concentration: how many particles are in one area.

High concentration: a lot of particles in one spot.

Low concentration: a few particles in one spot.

Diffusion is when particles move from high

concentration to lower concentration areas.

This is how nutrients move inside your cells.

Osmosis

Movement of water across a membrane.

Solution: Water with particles dissolved in it.

Solute: the particles in the water. (example: salt)

Osmosis: When water moves across a membrane towards the side with more solutes.

Then we did an demonstration using carrots.

-----------------------------------------------------

Osmosis demonstration

                       Day 1                   Day 2           Day3

Carrot A:       7.23 g

Carrot B:       7.41 g

(salt)

Hypothesis:

Carrot B should get lighter (hypertonic).

Carrot A should get heavier (hypotonic).

-----------------------------------------------------

Hypertonic: More solutes outside the cell.  The cell shrinks.

Hypotonic: Less solutes outside the cell.  The cell grows.

Homework

Complete this handout: Diffusion and Cell importance

                 

Feb. 7 – Cell Structure

Today we looked at the structure of animal and plant cells.  Here are age a couple typical images of cells showing some important organelles that are are common to most cells

Organelle: a structure within a cell that carries out specific functions.

A typical plant cell.

A typical animal cell.

To help understand organelles and what they do, we compared them to how a city would function.  Here are the comparisons:

Cell	City
Cell membrane	City borders
Cytoplasm	The land in the city where things built
Mitochondria	Power plant (glucose is the fuel)
Ribosomes	Factories
Endoplasmic reticulum	Streets
Vesicles	Packages
Golgi bodies	Post Office
Nucleus	City hall
Vacuoles	Warehouses

We then did a worksheet.  Here is the handout and the solutions:

Handouts:

• Cells and labelling
• Cells and labelling solutions

We ended by watching some videos about the next topic, diffusion!  One example of diffusion is ink in water, such as when an octopus shoots ink at you.  Check out these videos.